Here is a video talking about the HPV vaccine for males and females.
HPV Statistics
Check out this video to learn more about statistics and the types of cancers associated with HPV.
Check out this video to learn more about statistics and the types of cancers associated with HPV.
Click below to check out more images!
Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is the most common cancer
linked to HPV in women. Nearly all cervical cancers are caused by HPV.
Cervical
cancer can be found early and even prevented with routine screening tests. The Pap
test looks for changes in cervical cells caused by HPV infection. The HPV test
looks for the infection itself.
Cervical cancer is
preventable with vaccines and regular screening tests. More than half of the
women in the United States who get cervical cancer have never had or rarely had
a Pap test.
Vulvar cancer
HPV
can also cause cancer of the vulva, which is the outer part
of the female genital organs. This cancer is much less common than cervical
cancer.
There’s
no standard screening test for this cancer other than routine physical exams.
Vaginal cancer
Most vaginal cancers contain HPV.
Many
vaginal pre-cancers also contain HPV, and these changes may be present for
years before turning into cancer. These pre-cancers can sometimes be found with
the same Pap testthat’s used to test for cervical
cancer and pre-cancer. If a pre-cancer is found, it can be treated, stopping
cancer before it really starts.
Penile cancer
In
men, HPV can cause cancer of the penis. It’s more common in men
with HIV and those who have sex with other men.
There’s
no standard screening test to find early signs of penile cancer. Because almost
all penile cancers start under the foreskin of the penis, they may be noticed
early in the course of the disease.
Anal cancer
HPV
can cause cancer of the anus in both men and women.
It’s more common in people with HIV and in men who have sex with other men.
Screening
tests for anal cancer are not routinely recommended for all people. Still, some
experts recommend anal cytology testing (also called an anal Pap test because it’s much like
the Pap test used for cervical cancer) for people at higher risk of anal
cancer. This includes men who have sex with men, women who have had cervical
cancer or vulvar cancer, anyone who is HIV-positive, and anyone who has had an
organ transplant.
Mouth and throat cancer
HPV
is found in some mouth and throat cancers in men and
women. Most cancers found in the back of the throat, including the base of the
tongue and tonsils, are HPV-related. These are the most common HPV-related
cancers in men.
There’s
no standard screening test to find these cancers early. Still, many can be
found early during routine exams by a dentist, doctor, dental hygienist, or by
self-exam.
Most people with HPV don’t have any symptoms or health problems. Sometimes HPV can cause genital warts. Some types of HPV can cause cancer.
High-risk HPV doesn’t
have symptoms
Unfortunately,
most people who have a high-risk type of HPV will never show any signs of the infection
until it’s already caused serious health problems. That’s why regular checkups
are so important. In many cases, cervical cancer can be prevented by finding
abnormal cell changes that, if left untreated, could develop into cancer.
A Pap test can detect
these abnormal cells in your cervix. A Pap test doesn’t directly test for cancer,
or even HPV, but it can discover abnormal cell changes that are likely caused
by HPV. These problem areas can be monitored by your nurse or doctor and treated before
turning into something more serious.
There
isn’t a test for high-risk HPV in the vulva, penis, anus, or throat, and the
HPV itself doesn’t have any symptoms. If it becomes cancer, then there may be
some symptoms.
Penile cancer — cancer of the penis — might show symptoms like changes
in color or thickness of the skin of your penis, or a painful sore might show
up on your penis.
Anal cancer might cause anal bleeding, pain, itching, or discharge, or
changes in bowel habits.
Vulvar cancer — cancer of the vulva — might show symptoms like
changes in color/thickness of the skin of your vulva. There may be chronic
pain, itching, or there may be a lump.
Throat cancer might cause a sore throat, ear pain that doesn’t go away,
constant coughing, pain or trouble swallowing or breathing, weight loss, or a
lump or mass in your neck.
If
you develop any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away.
HEALTH MATTERS
Understanding HPV Vaccines
Health Matters is a publication of ARHP for the general public that provides a
brief overview of existing facts and data on various topics related to
reproductive health.
Most people who have sex
will get HPV sometime in their lives; however, few people will realize they
have HPV. In fact, most HPV infections go away naturally in less than two
years.
There is no treatment for
an HPV infection. HPV that does not go away on its own can cause abnormal cells
that may lead to cancer of the cervix. HPV also causes many anal cancers, as
well as some cancers of the vagina, vulva, penis, head, and neck.
There are more than 100
different types of HPV. Some types can cause genital warts, and about 15 types
can cause HPV-related cancers.
HPV
types that cause genital warts are referred to as “low-risk.” HPV 6 and 11 are
two low-risk types that are responsible for about 90% of genital warts.
HPV
types that cause certain cancers are referred to as “high-risk.” Two high-risk
types, HPV 16 and 18, cause about 70% of all cervical cancers. Other high-risk
HPV types cause the other
30%.
HPV vaccines can prevent
infection by some of the most common types of HPV. Vaccines may reduce the risk
of cervical, vulvar, vaginal and anal cancers and pre-cancers, as well as
genital warts. There are two vaccines available:
1. Gardasil, approved in
2006 for use in females ages 9 through 26, protects against four types of HPV –
two high-risk types (HPV types 16 and 18) and two low-risk types (HPV types 6
and 11). In 2009, Gardasil was approved for use in males ages through 26.
Gardasil is used to prevent cervical, vulvar, vaginal and anal cancers and
pre-cancers caused by HPV 16 and 18, as well as genital warts caused by HPV 6 and 11.
2. Cervarix, approved in 2009 for use in females ages 10 through
25, protects against two high-risk types of HPV, 16 and 18. Cervarix is used to
prevent cervical cancer and pre-cancer caused by HPV 16 and 18. In 2011, the
approval for Cervarix was extended to girls as young as age 9.
Here are some trends on HPV.
Prevalence of any oral HPV among adults aged 18–69, by race and Hispanic origin and sex: United States, 2011–2014.
Prevalence of any genital HPV among adults aged 18–59, by race and Hispanic origin and sex: United States, 2013–2014
Prevalence of high-risk genital HPV among adults aged 18–59,
by race and Hispanic origin and sex: United States, 2013–2014
